Kieselguhr filler and method of preparing.



A. H. KRIEGER.

Patented Jan. 30, 1917. I'

KIESELGUHR FILLER AND METHOD OF PREPARING. APPLICATION FILED MAY '3' 1915- RENEWED AUG- llv I916- I I I -/a lrL I l l I UNTTED %AYE% PATENT @FFTQE.

ARTHUR H. KRIEGER, 013 LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR T0 KIESELGUHR CO. OF AMERICA, OF LOS .ANGELES. CALIFORNIA.

KIESELGUHR FILLER AND METHOD OF PREPARING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed May 13, 1915, Serial No. 27,836. Renewed August 11. 1916. Serial No. 114,470.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ARTHUR H. Knrncnn,

a citizen of the United States, and a resi-.

dent of Los Angeles, inthe county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and Improved Kieselguhr Filler and Method of Preparing, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to heat-insulating fillers, and has reference more particularly to kieselguhr fillers. In present structures, when non-aggregating substances are used as heat-insulating fillers, the latter is introduced between the walls of structures to be filled and packed or compacted by any suitable means. This method of filling is eX- pensive and requires gradual filling of the space between the walls as they are built up. Where there are no braces or reinforcements between the double walls, a satisfactory packing is possible, but where there are braces or reinforcements the packing can never be done perfectly, as the braces are placed before the side walls are built up. Furthermore, if a structure such as a car has its walls filled with a non-aggregating substance the vibration will form air pockets between the walls and, therefore, unevenness of insulation will result, which is very undesirable.

An object of my invention is to overcome the above defects by providing a filler of non-aggregating substance by shaping it into a slab or block which can be easily handled without danger of disintegration. Consequently such a slab or block can be placed between the braces before the two walls are built up, the thickness of the slabs being substantially that of the distance between the walls of the structure.

A further object of the invention is to provide a filler of the class described in which the nonaggregating material forming the slab or block is compressed to a density such that if the panel is subjected to vibration the non-aggregating material thereof will not compact further, consequently, air pockets cannot be formed in a structure which has been filled with my slabs or blocks.

Another object of the invention is to provide a heat-insulating slab which can be 10- cally depressed or deformed without-causing the disintegration of the slab, so that the same will easily fit the unevenness of structures to be filled.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a heat-insulating panel which is inexpensive to manufacture, which can be easily transported, and which can be of any suitable shape to answer the purpose for which it is designed.

The invention further relates to a process whereby slabs or blocks can be formed of normally non-aggregating substances without the addition of a binder, such as cement, thereto.

In addition the invention relates to a process for producing heat-insulating structures constituting uniform walls having spaces thcrebetween and introducing into the spaces compressed slabs or blocks of normally non-aggregating heat insulating substances and substantially filling the spaces between the walls.

In the appended drawings, Figures 1 and 2 show diagrammatically the method or process of forming the slabs or panels; Fig. 3 isa plan view of the resulting article; Fig. 4 is a magnified cross section of the panel; Fig. 5 is a similar cross section through a modified form of the panel; and Figs. 6 and 7 are exemplifications of slabs or blocks of irregular forms.

My process for forming slabs or blocks for heat-insulating fillers preferably utilizes a dished support 8 having the contour of the slab or block to be formed. Cooperating with the dished support is a plunger the head 9 of which is adapted to fit snugly into the support 8. Any other-molding arrangement adapted for the purpose may be used. To form the desired slab a pliable member 10, such as textile or asbestos, is placed into the support 8 and the same filled with kieselguhr, as indicated in Fig. 1. Pressure is then applied to the plunger to force the head into the support 8 to compress the kieselguhr to a density such that if the compressed kieselguhr is set into vibration it will not further compact. The plunger is then raised and theends of. the pliable member 10 are folded over, as shown in Fig. 3, the said ends being coated with adhesive material to make them stick when the head 9 of the plunger is brought over the folded ends to force them into contact with the surface of the kieselguhr. The envelop may be closed and secured about the compressed kieselguhr in any other suitable manner.

The resulting block or slab will have the configuration of the mold. The fabric of the pliable envelop 10, partly impregnated with the kieselguhr particles, becomes stiff and gives enough body to the compressed kieselguhr to withstand ordinary pressure and handling without disintegration; furthermore, the formed block has a certain inherent rigidity. A slab like this can be easily placed into position at any desired place with little risk. Any unevenness in the surface of the structure will easily impress itself'in the slab or block due to the pliability of its envelop, consequently, such slabs will accommodate themselves to any irregularity in the walls of the containing space. In Figs. 5, 6 and 7 different shapes of slabs or blocks are shown. While my slabs can be used for any structure, they are particularly intended as fillers for railway cars. My slabs can be shipped from the place of manufacture to the place Where the cars are built with ease and little possibility of damage. At the place where the cars are built, they can be placed into position against the Wall of the car between the braces before the other wall is put up, each slab being of predetermined form and adapted to the particular space to be occupied by it.

In view of the fact that the kieselguhr within the envelops is compressed to a point that vibration of the slab will not further pack the material, there isno danger that air pockets will be formed between the walls of the car, even if the envelop containing the kieselguhr is ruptured, as the rupture of the envelop, more probably, will favor the tendency of the kieselguhr to expand so that the same will occupy the sharp corners which by accident have not been taken up by the corners of the slab, and thus the kieselguhr will. more uniformly distribute itself within the inclosed space it occupies. As a matter of fact, it may be said that the envelop of the kieselguhr serves as a means for introducing the kieselguhr between the walls in a state such that if the kieselguhr so introduced is set into vibration it will not compact any more. It also serves as a means for facilitating the transportation of the formed filler to its place of utilization, and also renders the car construction more economical, expeditious and fire proof.

- consists in compressing kieselguhr alone into predetermined forms to a point that if the kieselguhr is subjected to vibration it will.

not compact any further and then applying thereto an envelop of pliable nature to hold the kieselguhr in 'said predetermined forms.

3. A process for making heat-insulating slabs or blocks, which consists in placing a pliable, fibrous sheet in a mold, compressing kieselguhr within the mold on the sheet to a point that if the kieselguhr is subjected to vibration it will not compact any further, folding the ends of the sheet over the compressed kieselguhr so that the extremities of the sheet will overlap, and then compressing the ends of the sheet covering the compressed kieselguhr to bind the extremities, whereby the compressed kieselguhris enveloped by the flexible sheet.

4:. As .an article of manufacture, a heatinsulating filler consisting of compressed kieselguhr and an envelop of pliable material which is firmly pressed about the kieselguhr.

5. As an article of manufacture, a heatinsulating filler in the shape of a slab con sisting of compressed kieselguhr and an envelop of pliable, fibrous material firmly compressed about the kieselguhr.

6. As an article of manufacture, a heatinsulating filled in the shape of a slab consisting of compressed kieselguhr and an en velop of pliable, fibrous material inclosing the kieselguhr and secured to the same.

7. As an article of manufacture, a heatinsulating filler consisting of compressed kieselguhr and an envelop of pliable material secured to the compressed kieselguhr and impregnated with the kieselguhr.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ARTHUR H. KRIEGER.

Witnesses:

B. Jorr PmLn' RoLLHAUs. 

